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Website content and publications may be cited or reproduced as long as
Gender Action is credited as the source.
New Publications!
Broken Promises:
Gender Impacts of the World Bank-Financed West-African and Chad-Cameroon Pipelines
Sonia Lowman
September 2011
Based on fieldwork done with Friends of the Earth member groups in Cameroon, Nigeria, Togo and Ghana, Broken Promises reveals that the Chad-Cameroon and West African pipelines, financed by the World Bank, increased women's poverty and dependence on men; caused ecological degradation that destroyed women's livelihoods; discriminated against women in employment and compensation; excluded women in consultation processes; and led to increased prostitution.
Governing Climate Funds:
What Will Work for Women?
Elizabeth Arend & Sonia Lowman
September 2011
As the international community mobilizes in response to global climate changes, climate change mechanisms must ensure the equitable and effective allocation of funds for the world's most vulnerable populations. Gender Action's new publication, Governing Climate Funds:
What Will Work for Women?, highlights women and girls' disproportionate vulnerability to negative climate change impacts in developing countries, and demonstrates how they have been largely excluded from climate change finance policies and programs. The report examines two climate funds and two non-climate funds in order to learn how gender can be better integrated in global climate finance mechanisms. We show that women and girls must not only be included in adaptive and mitigative activities, but also recognized as agents of change who are essential to the success of climate change interventions.
Gender, IFIs and Food Insecurity: A Primer
Alana Fook
April 2011
"Gender, IFIs, and the Food Insecurity" explores IFI-related causes and gender-specific impacts of recent soaring food prices. Based on demonstrating that IFI-led agriculture, macroeconomic, financial and trade policies in developing countries intensify gender inequalities and disproportionately impoverish women and girls, this primer recommends suggest targeted actions IFIs must take to address the disproportionately negative impact of food insecurity on women and girls.
Case Studies
Gender Toolkit for International Finance Watchers
Updated February 2011
Gender Action provides a vital and user friendly toolkit
for civil society groups to incorporate gender perspectives
into their work on the IFIs or any other projects. All sections
contain electronic hyperlinks to a vast array of available
gender resources. Just click on an underlined word to be directed
to the specific tool you need!
Herramientas de Género para Observadores Financieros Internacionales disponible en Español.
Past Publications
Haiti Gender Shadow Report: Ensuring Haitian Women's Participation and Leadership in All Stages of National Relief and Reconstruction
Fall 2010
As Haiti's devastation deepens nearly one year after its January 12, 2010 earthquake, the need for human rights-based gender interventions remains critical. This final Haiti Gender Shadow Report (GSR), jointly prepared by many women's rights activists in the Haiti Equality Collective, provides the crucial gender content that is missing from the Haitian government's World Bank-led Post Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA), the operative blueprint for recovery that Haiti plans to implement. The GSR demonstrates how a post-disaster strategy that ignores the gendered effects of disaster will inevitably fail to benefit the majority of its population, and that sustainable recovery is not possible without the inclusion of women and women's perspectives.
Gender, Agriculture and Rural Development Investments in post-earthquake Haiti
Elaine Zuckerman, Elise Young and Lisa Vitale
Fall 2010
Gender, Agriculture and Rural Development Investments in post-earthquake Haiti demonstrates that the vast majority of World Bank and Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) post-earthquake investments in Haiti approved through mid-October 2010 represent lost opportunities to help Haiti's predominantly poor female farmers, prevent gender-based violence, and support gender-inclusive development efforts.
Critique of the World Bank's Gender Road Map (2011-2013)
Elizabeth Arend
October 2010
Although the World Bank's "Road Map for Gender Mainstreaming" includes a greater reproductive health focus than its parent document, the World Bank's "Gender Action Plan (GAP): 2007-2010," Gender Action's critique reveals that the Road Map repeats many of the GAP's critical failures. The Road Map ignores multiple civil society criticisms through its lack of a human rights framework, its incomprehensive approach to reproductive health and its lack of robust, transparent gender-related data. In addition, the Road Map almost exclusively focuses on economic empowerment as the sole means to achieve gender equality, and does not include a plan to build gender mainstreaming capacity in Bank country offices.
Speaking up for Gender: A Step-by-Step Guide to Holding IFIs Accountable
Diana Arango & Nicole Zarafonetis
April 2010
Speaking Up for Gender is a user-friendly Guide providing grassroots groups and others affected by IFI projects with information, tips and guidelines for submitting a gender discrimination complaint to an IFI accountability mechanism.
En defensa de la igualdad de género: guía paso a paso para que las IFI rindan cuentas disponible en Español.
Doubling
the Damage: World Bank Climate Investment Funds Undermine
Climate and Gender Justice
Anna Rooke
2009
This new paper is a first-look examining how the new World
Bank-administered Climate Investment Funds will impact both
climate and gender justice.
The
Gender Dimensions of Post-Conflict Reconstruction: The Challenges
in Development Aid
Marcia.E.Greenberg and Elaine Zuckerman
2009 
IFI
Gender Audit and Advocacy: A Toolkit for Chinese Civil Society
Organizations
Mande Limbu, Elaine Zuckerman and Jingyi Zhang
November 2008 
Gender
Action/WLSLAC’s Joint Gender Audit of a Representative
Sample of 50 IFI Investments in China
Gender Action and WLSLAC
2008 
Empty
Promises: Gender Scorecard of World Bank-managed Post-Tsunami
Reconstruction in Indonesia
Suzanna Dennis and Warisha Yunus
September 2008
Mapping
multilateral development banks' spending on reproductive health
and HIV and AIDS
Suzanna Dennis and Elaine Zuckerman
June 2008 Gender & Development Volume 16 
Mapping
Multilateral Development Banks' Reproductive Health and HIV/AIDS
Spending
Suzanna Dennis and Elaine Zuckerman
September 2007
Gender
Justice: A Citizen's Guide to Gender Accountability at International
Financial Institutions
Gender Action and the Center for International Environmental
Law
July 2007
The
Gender Dimensions of Post-Conflict Reconstruction: The World
Bank Track Record
Elaine Zuckerman and Suzanna Dennis with Marcia E. Greenberg
June 2007
Policy
Space and the Gendered Impacts of International Financial
Institutions
Elaine Zuckerman
In the April 2007 Woodrow Wilson International Center for
Scholars Asia Program Special Report No. 136, The
Policy Space Debate: Does a Globalized and Multilateral Economy
Constrain Development Policies? Edited by Bhumika Muchhala
Gender
Equality as Smart Economics: A World Bank Group Gender Action
Plan (GAP) (Fiscal years 2007-10): A Critique
Elaine Zuckerman
January 2007
Gender Guide
to World Bank and IMF Policy-Based Lending
Suzanna Dennis and Elaine Zuckerman
Gender Action, December 2006
This paper is also available in Spanish as follows, thanks
to generous translation work from Choike:
Guía
de Género Sobre la Política de Préstamos
del Banco Mundial y el FMI
Suzanna Dennis y Elaine Zuckerman
Diciembre de 2006

Boom-Time Blues:
Big Oil’s Gender Impacts in Azerbaijan, Georgia, and
Sakhalin
A Report by Gender Action and CEE Bankwatch Network, September
2006
Based on research and analysis by Fidanka Bacheva, Manana
Kochladze and Suzanna Dennis
See press coverage on Boom-Time
Blues 
The
Gender Dimensions of Post-Conflict Reconstruction: The Challenges
in Development Aid
Marcia Greenberg and Elaine Zuckerman, June 2006
Forthcoming chapter in a UNU-WIDER book, Making Peace Work
and a freestanding WIDER discussion paper

An
Introduction to Gender Budget Initiatives
Elaine Zuckerman
Presented in 2005 to macroeconomists and other stakeholders
involved in the Poverty Reduction Strategy Process in Bosnia
and Herzegovina
Also see Elaine Zuckerman’s related presentation on
Engendering
Macroeconomics in PRSPs
The Gender Dimensions of Post-Conflict Reconstruction: An
Analytical Framework for Policymakers
Elaine Zuckerman and Marcia Greenberg
Published as an article in Gender and Development, An Oxfam
Journal, Volume 12, Number 3, November 2004, Oxford, and as
a chapter in the book, Gender, Peacebuilding, and Reconstruction,
edited by Caroline Sweetman, Oxfam, Great Britain 2005
Invest
in Women Internationally
Elaine Zuckerman, 2005. A chapter in 50 Ways to Improve Women's
Lives: The Essential Guide for Achieving Health, Equality,
and Success for All edited and published by the National Council
of Women's Organizations (NCWO). Available for purchase from
NCWO and Amazon.com 
Gender
and Post-Conflict Reconstruction: The World Bank Track Record
Adriana Quinones, Published by the Heinrich Böll Foundation,
2004
The
Gendered Impacts of World Bank Environment and Infrastructure
Projects in China
Presentation by Elaine Zuckerman at the Third Non-governmental
Organization Forum on International Environmental Cooperation
in China, 2003
Structural Adjustment’s
Gendered Impacts: the Case of Serbia and Montenegro
Aleksandra Vladisavljevic and Elaine Zuckerman, 2004
Reforming
the World Bank: Will the Gender Strategy Make a Difference?
A Study with China Case Examples (Updated Version)
Elaine Zuckerman and Wu Qing, Published by the Heinrich Böll
Foundation, 2005
Reforming
the World Bank: Will the New Gender Strategy Make a Difference?
A Study with China Case Examples
Elaine Zuckerman and Wu Qing, Published by the Heinrich
Böll Foundation, 2003
A
Gentle Touch? Gender and the World Bank — A Critical
Assessment
Nasreen Khundker, Prepared for the 2004 Gender Action-Heinrich
Böll Foundation-Bank Information Center Panel Discussion
of "Reforming the World Bank: Will the New Gender Strategy
Make a Difference?"
Do
Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers Address Gender Issues? A
Gender Audit of 2002 PRSPs
Elaine Zuckerman and Ashley Garrett
Published by Gender Action, 2003
This paper is also available in French as follows:
Les
cadres stratégiques de lutte contre la pauvreté
(CSLP) tiennent-ils compte de l'inégalité des
sexes? Évaluation des CSLP de 2002 en fonction
du principe de l'inégalité des sexes
Elaine Zuckerman et Ashley Garrett
Une Publication de Gender Action
A
Primer on Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers and Gender
Elaine Zuckerman
Published by Gender Action, 2002
Why
Engendering PRSPs Reduces Poverty, and the Case of Rwanda
Elaine Zuckerman
Published by the World Institute for Development Economics
and Research, 2001, Helsinki
‘Engendering’
Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs): The Issues and
The Challenges
Elaine Zuckerman
Published by Gender and Development, An Oxfam Journal, Volume
10, Number 3, 2002, Oxford
Evaluation
of Gender Mainstreaming in Advocacy Work on Poverty Reduction
Strategy Papers (PRSPs)
Elaine Zuckerman
Paper prepared for Oxfam, Great Britain, 2002
Poverty Reduction
Strategy Papers and Gender
Elaine Zuckerman
Paper prepared for GTZ, Germany, 2002
The
World Bank and Gender
Gender Action. Chapter in Responsible Reform of the World
Bank by the Coalition for World Bank Reform, 2002
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